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The name upside-down catfish is most commonly used by aquarists to refer to the mochokid catfish ''Synodontis nigriventris'' alternately known to ichthyologists as the blotched upsidedown catfish.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Common Names of Synodontis nigriventris )〕 However, a number of other fishes may also be known by this name: *''Brachysynodontis batensoda'' - giant upside-down catfish〔David Sands (1986). A Fishkeeper's Guide to African and Asian Catfishes, pp 40-41. Salamander Books ISBN 0-86101-211-9.〕 *''Mystus leucophasis'' - Asian upside-down catfish〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Synodontis contractus )〕 *''Synodontis angelicus'' - spotted upside-down catfish〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Common Names of Synodontis angelicus )〕 *''Synodontis aterrima'' - sometimes sold as ''S. nigriventris'' in the aquarium trade, but in the past not identified as a separate species by retailers〔David Sands (1986). A Fishkeeper's Guide to African and Asian Catfishes, p 58. Salamander Books ISBN 0-86101-211-9.〕 *''Synodontis contracta'' - big-nosed upside-down catfish, sometimes sold as ''S. nigriventris'' to aquarists, a species with which it is easily confused〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Synodontis contractus )〕 *''Synodontis nigrita'' - false upside-down catfish, very commonly sold as ''S. nigriventris'' in the aquarium trade and only recognised as a different species once the fish matures (adults are more than twice the size of adult ''S. nigriventris'').〔David Sands (1986). A Fishkeeper's Guide to African and Asian Catfishes, p. 67. Salamander Books ISBN 0-86101-211-9.〕 The name 'dwarf upside-down catfish' is also used for small (around 10 cm) species of the catfish genus ''Synodontis''. In the aquarium trade, the name is almost always applied to ''S. nigriventris'' or species with which it may be confused, such as ''S. aterrima'', ''S. contracta'', and juvenile ''S. nigrita'' (adults of which are around 20 cm so are not "dwarf" species at all).〔〔〔 As its common name implies, the upside-down catfish will swim upside down. One theory accounts for this unusual behavior as a feeding strategy. In the wild, it often grazes on the undersides of submerged branches and logs, and swimming upside down makes these areas more accessible.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Upside-Down Catfish )〕 A different theory suggests swimming upside-down makes aquatic surface respiration more efficient.〔Lauren J. Chapman, Les Kaufman and Colin A. Chapman (1994). "Why Swim Upside Down?: A Comparative Study of Two Mochokid Catfishes", ''Copeia'', Vol. 1994(1), p. 130-135〕 == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Upside-down catfish」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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